The main streets of the capital Apia were largely deserted on Thursday as mobile medical teams went door-to-door to deliver measles vaccinations across the remote Pacific island nation.
Samoa tightened its state of emergency, telling residents to stay home and display red flags if not already vaccinated
Non-essential services were closed and police were enforcing a travel ban on private motorists, with the shutdown applying from Thursday until Friday evening.
Assisting with MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) immunisations compulsory since mid-November are medics sent by nations including New Zealand, Australia, Britain and the US.
Samoan Prime Minister Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi said the aim was “almost 100% vaccination coverage.” While visiting a hospital, he said: “It’s the only antidote.”
Red flags were displayed outside homes of residents who had not been vaccinated
According to Radio New Zealand (RNZ), he threatened police detention for people who discouraged vaccinations or promised healing via traditional therapies to beat the highly contagious airborne virus.
Also read: WHO Reports Sharp Rise in Global Measles Cases
“Some of our people pay a visit to traditional healers thinking that measles is a typical tropical disease, which it is not,” Tuilaepa told reporters.
Lack of trust over infant deaths
Mistrust of health authorities was fueled last year by the sudden deaths of two infants given MMR vaccinations falsely mixed with an anaesthetic. Two nurses were subsequently jailed, reported Auckland’s New Zealand Herald newspaper.
By Thursday, 4,217 cases of infection had been recorded since Samoa’ outbreak started in mid-November, with 165 new cases over the past 24 hours, said Samoa’s ministry of health.
Among the 62 fatalities, most involved children aged 4 or younger. Among child patients in the hospital, 20 are reportedly in critical condition.
Fiji postpones sporting events
Fiji, 1,100 kilometres (700 miles) southwest of Samoa, on Wednesday asked its sports federations to postpone all competition until the end of January
“Working with the health ministry, we are going to try to stop it, now that we have 15 cases,” said Peter Mazey, chairman of the Fiji National Sports Commission.
Fiji is credited by health authorities of having a “much higher vaccination rate,” compared to Samoa whose immunisation level was about 30% before the outbreak.
Also read: All Regions Except Americas See Rise in Measles: WHO Report
Samoa’s rate has since risen to about 55%, say officials, with 73% of infants — the main “at-risk” cohort — now vaccinated on Samoa’s main islands of Upolu and Savai’I, according to the island nation’s health ministry.
Grim reminder, ‘slide back’
Jose Hagan, the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) medical officer for the western Pacific, said Samoa’s tragedy was a grim reminder of the measles virus “being exported through international travel.”
The public was often surprised “when we see how fatal it can be,” said Hagan.
The WHO had observed a “slide back” with “outbreaks happening all over the world,” alluding also to parents who shun vaccinations because of philosophical and religious concerns.
In August, four European nations had lost their measles-free status, he said, citing cases in Britain, Greece, the Czech Republic and Albania.
Increased access to vaccines over the past 20 years was estimated to have saved 21 million lives, Hagan stated.